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Tsunami Runup and Drawdown on a Plane Beach

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An empirical solution for seismic sea wave run-up on compound slopes

Natural Hazards book 76,pages 1727–1743 (2015)Cite this article

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Abstract

Deterministic numerical models for seismic sea wave inundation provide the nearly accurate means for estimating seismic sea wave run-up when the bathymetry/topography and water-level fourth dimension history at the seaward boundary are well known. All the same, it is often the instance that in that location is uncertainty in both the bathymetry/topography and water level at the seaward purlieus. For these reasons, empirical solutions for tsunami run-upward may exist preferred because the run-upwardly can exist computed quickly allowing a probabilistic judge the tsunami run-up hazard. In this newspaper, an empirical solution for tsunami run-upwards is developed based on an analytic solution and calibrated using a Boussinesq wave model for plane-sloped and compound-sloped cases, including the effects of bottom friction, wave breaking, and the slope of the inundated land area. The new relation is a function of the seismic sea wave moving ridge amplitude at a specific water depth (100 m) to provide clear guidance for applied application, and of ii values of the surf-similarity parameter to business relationship for a compound slope. The model comprises three equations for three regions: breaking, transition, and not-breaking. The model predictions are compared with survey data from the 2011 Tohoku tsunami in Japan without recalibration. The new equation provides reasonable estimates of run-upward tiptop and is mostly bourgeois.

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Abbreviations

A 0 :

Tsunami wave amplitude (Fifty)

d 1 :

Distance from the slope to the end of the land (L)

d 2 :

Distance from the gradient to the center of the seismic sea wave wave (L)

d iii :

Distance from the gradient to the end of the model (L)

Disti :

Averaging distance from 100-thou contour to shoreline (50)

Dist2 :

Averaging distance from shoreline to the terminate of run-upwardly point (50)

F :

Friction factor

m :

Acceleration of gravity (Fifty/Tii)

H 0 :

Wave meridian (50)

h 0 :

H2o depth at the flat bottom (L)

MIN:

Minimum value

R :

Seismic sea wave run-upwards height (L)

STD:

Standard deviation

T :

Representative wave period (T)

SWL:

Still water level

β ane :

Offshore slope

β two :

Onshore slope

γ :

Empirical coefficient dependent on ξ two

η :

Surface tiptop (L)

ξ 1 :

Surf-similarity (Iribarren number) for offshore slope

ξ two :

Surf-similarity for onshore gradient

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Acknowledgments

This research is based upon the piece of work partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0830378 and Oregon Sea Grant under Laurels No. NB223X. Whatsoever opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this certificate are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or Oregon Sea Grant. The authors thank two bearding reviewers for their constructive comments.

Author data

Affiliations

  1. School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-2302, U.s.a.

    Hyoungsu Park & Daniel T. Cox

  2. LP4 Assembly LLC Affiliate Faculty, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, The states

    Catherine M. Petroff

  3. Section of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Academy of Washington, Seattle, WA, Usa

    Catherine Thou. Petroff

Respective author

Correspondence to Hyoungsu Park.

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Cite this article

Park, H., Cox, D.T. & Petroff, C.Thousand. An empirical solution for tsunami run-upward on compound slopes. Nat Hazards 76, 1727–1743 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1568-vii

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  • DOI : https://doi.org/ten.1007/s11069-014-1568-7

Keywords

  • Tsunami
  • Run-up
  • Analytic solution
  • Empirical solution
  • Compound slope
  • Surf-similarity

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